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Mohenjo-daro
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Mohenjo-daro group of mounds on the right bank of the River Indus, in Sindh province,
southern Pakistan. The name signifies “the mound of the dead.” The archaeological
importance of Mohenjo-daro was first recognized in 1922, and subsequent excavations
revealed that the mounds contain the remains of what was once the largest city of
the Indus civilization (q.v.). Because of the city's size—about 3 miles (5 km) in
circuit—and the comparative richness of its monuments and their contents, it has
been generally regarded as a capital of an extensive state. The city of Mohenjo-daro,
now 2 miles (3 km) from the Indus, from which it seems to have been protected, anciently
as today, by artificial barriers, was laid out with astonishing regularity into
something like a dozen blocks, or “islands,” each about 1,260 feet (384 m) from
north to south and 750 feet (228 m) from east to west, subdivided by straight or
doglegged lanes. The central block on the western side was built up artificially
to a dominating height of 20–40 feet (6–12 m) with mud and mud brick and was fortified
to an unascertained extent by square towers of baked brick. Buildings on the high
summit included an elaborate bath or tank surrounded by a veranda, a large residential
structure, a massive granary, and at least two aisled halls of assembly. It is clear
that this citadel (for such it evidently was) carried the religious and ceremonial
headquarters of the site. In the lower town were substantial courtyard houses indicating
a considerable middle class.
Most houses had small bathrooms and, like the streets, were well-provided with drains
and sanitation. Brick stairs indicate at least an upper story or a flat, habitable
roof. The walls were originally plastered with mud, no doubt to reduce the deleterious
effect of the salts that are contained by the bricks and react destructively to
varying heat and humidity. There is no surviving evidence of architectural elaboration,
though this may well have been confined to perished timberwork. Stone sculpture,
too, is scarce; some fragments, how ever, include the competent head and shoulders
of a bearded man with low forehead, narrowed and somewhat supercilious eyes, a fillet
round the brow, and across the left shoulder a cloak carved in relief with trefoils
formerly filled with red paste. Aesthetically the most notable work of figurative
art from the city is a famous bronze of a young dancing girl, naked save for a multitude
of armlets. Among innumerable terra-cottas the most expressive are small but vigorous
representations of bulls and buffalo. Female figurines may wear elaborate headdresses,
and occasional figurines of small, fat grotesques, male or female, betray a crude
sense of humour.
The evidence suggests that Mohenjo-daro suffered more than once from devastating
floods of abnormal depth and duration, owing not merely to the encroaching Indus
but possibly also to a ponding back of the Indus drainage by tectonic uplifts between
Mohenjo-daro and the sea.
Moreover, with the collaboration of UNESCO, UNDP and Japan Trust Fund, a cell named
Moenjodaro Conservation Cell was appointed in 1992 and 27 technical personnel were
appointed and trained by the UNESCO. 24 tube-wells installed to check the water
level are un-functional which may be made operational to reduce water level which
has raised from 18 ft. to 9 ft. If immediate measures are not taken would effect
the ruins. |
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The main cottage industry is the making of embroidered caps by women. |
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It is a source of income for the poor people. There are other cottage industries
namely Angoshas, Lungi, and Sosi. |
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The cottage industry of embroidered caps has a good market in, as well as outside
the district. |
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Suggestions for Attracting tourists
at Moen Jo Daro |
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S.No
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Description
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Action
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1
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The Repair work of Airport Terminal/
VIP Lounge. May be commenced immediately.
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DG Civil Aviation Authority/ MD PIA
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2
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The
PTDC Motel at Moen-jo-daro may be reactivated and repair work
may be carried out on urgent basis..
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PTDC Motel Management Islamabad /
Federal Secretary Culture & Tourism
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3
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Re-scheduling of time and
enhancement of PIA flights. Previously 18 Flights per week, now only 4 Flights
are operating per week.
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MD PIA
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4
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Establishment of
STDC outlet at
Moenjodaro.
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Sindh Tourism Development Corporation
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JHUKAR JO DARO |
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About 10 kilometers on North-west of Larkana Waggan road and to the right side near
village Mitho Dero, well known mounds of Jhukar are situated which are spread over
an area of 33 acres. |
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TAJAR BUILDING |
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The Tajar Building is a small but an impressive bricks structure located in the
city, inside the Jinnah Bagh. It was constructed in 1836 to deposit the deadbody
of the Subedar/Governor of Chandka Pargna, Nawab Wali Muhammad Leghari as “Amanat”.
The Building has 24 windows of stain glass and four doors opposite to each other.
Tajar Building is one of the historical buildings of the city. The roof of the building
is arched. Due to its roof pattern it is called Tajar Building. During British period
a library was established in this building. It was also used as a local broadcasting
station just after the independence and creation of Pakistan |
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Tomb of Shah Baharo |
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One was a General who fought over 84 fierce battles and lost none of them. He was
none other than General Shah Baharo who established ‘Kalhora’ rule in northern Sindh
in real sense. He built a handsome number of forts and excavated many canals. He
was the real administrator and builder of Larkana city. During his ‘Nazimship’ (Administration)
Larkana city progressed a lot in every aspect. His magnificent tomb lies in the
suburbs of Larkana. He died in the year 1735 A.D. His tomb was constructed on the
instructions of Mian Ghulam Shah Kalhoro the then ruler of Sindh.
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Hotel Sambara Inn |
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